Patient characteristics (including symptoms at presentation and comorbidity), lymph node measurements and procedure sensitivity overall categorised according to final diagnosis*
| Characteristic | All | Reactive LN | Sarcoidosis | Tuberculosis | Carcinoma | Lymphoma | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Number | 100 | 48 | 20 | 18 | 7 | 6 |
| Age | Mean years±SD | 58.6±15.7 | 66.0±11.1 | 50.6±13.8 | 41.2±13.3 | 70.9±5.3 | 66.3±13.2 |
| Sex | M/F (male, %) | 63/37 | 34/14 (71) | 12/8 (60) | 10/8 (56) | 3/4 (43) | 4/2 (67) |
| Ethnicity | White British (%) | 70 | 41 (85) | 15 (75) | 0 (0) | 7 (100) | 6 (100) |
| Asian (%) | 24 | 5 (11) | 3 (15) | 16 (89) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| African (%) | 6 | 2 (4) | 2 (10) | 2 (11) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Symptomatic | Y/N (%, yes) | 87 | 43 (90) | 15 (75) | 15 (83) | 7 (100) | 6 (100) |
| Number of symptoms | Mean±SD | 1.8±1.0 | 1.7±0.9 | 1.2±0.8 | 2.3±1.1 | 2.3±1.1 | 2.7±0.8 |
| Presence of symptom Yes (%) | Cough | 65 | 33 (69) | 9 (45) | 15 (83) | 3 (43) | 4 (67) |
| Breathlessness | 52 | 35 (73) | 7 (35) | 4 (22) | 5 (71) | 1 (17) | |
| Weight loss | 27 | 5 (10) | 1 (5) | 10 (56) | 6 (86) | 5 (83) | |
| Fevers | 18 | 2 (4) | 3 (15) | 10 (56) | 0 | 3 (50) | |
| Chest pain | 9 | 3 (6) | 1 (5) | 2 (11) | 1 (14) | 1 (17) | |
| Other | 9 | 4 (8) | 2 (10) | 0 | 1 (14) | 2 (33) | |
| Presence of comorbidity Yes (%) | ≥1 Comorbidity | 46 | 39 (81) | 2 (10) | 1 (6) | 3 (43) | 1 (17) |
| Emphysema | 18 | 13 (27) | 2 (10) | 0 | 3 (43) | 0 | |
| Chronic bronchitis | 22 | 20 (42) | 1 (5) | 1 (6) | 0 | 0 | |
| ILD | 5 | 4 (8) | 0 | 0 | 1 (14) | 0 | |
| Bronchiectasis | 10 | 8 (17) | 0 | 0 | 1 (14) | 1 (17) | |
| Pulmonary HT | 8 | 8 (17) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Heart failure | 13 | 13 (27) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| CTD | 2 | 1 (30) | 0 | 0 | 1 (14) | 0 | |
| Diameter of largest LN | Mean (mm±SD) | 21.8±7.2 | 17.0±3.9 | 24.2±4.0 | 24.1±6.6 | 28.3±4.9 | 33.5±7.3 |
| Range (mm) | 11–46 | 11–25 | 16–32 | 16–40 | 21–35 | 24–46 | |
| Site of LN enlargement | Hilar only (%) | 7 | 4 (8) | 0 | 2 (11) | 0 | 1 (17) |
| Mediastinal only (%) | 35 | 16 (33) | 0 | 12 (67) | 4 (57) | 2 (33) | |
| Both (%) | 58 | 28 (58) | 20 (100) | 4 (22) | 3 (43) | 3 (50) | |
| Number of enlarged LN stations | 1–2 (%) | 38 | 19 (40) | 0 | 13 (72) | 4 (57) | 2 (33) |
| 3–4 (%) | 40 | 25 (52) | 5 (25) | 4 (22) | 3 (43) | 2 (33) | |
| ≥5 (%) | 22 | 4 (8) | 15 (75) | 1 (5) | 0 | 2 (33) | |
| mean±SD | 3.1±1.3 | 2.8±1.1 | 4.8±0.6 | 2.3±1.1 | 2.3±1.1 | 3.2±1.6 | |
| EBUS-TBNA sensitivity | Per cent | 82.7 | – | 80 | 94.4 | 100 | 33.3 |
*Mediastinal cyst (n=1) not listed as a cause in the table—but is included in the analysis.
CTD, connective tissue disease; EBUS-TBNA, Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration; ILD, interstitial lung disease; HT, hypertension; LN, lymph node.