Background Nocturia results in reduced sleep due to waking after sleep onset. Treatments for nocturia may result in improved sleep outcomes, but lack of evidence for long-term outcomes has brought pharmacological approaches to managing nocturia in to question. Behavioural approaches for nocturia management have not been assessed for their effects on sleep.

Objective To evaluate the evidence for non-pharmacological nocturia treatments on sleep outcomes in adults.

Search methods: Four databases (Medline, PsychInfo, Embase & Web of Science) were searched, and relevant results were hand-searched for additional papers. Databases were last searched in November 2018. Selection criteria.

The population was adults; the interventions were non-pharmacological treatments for nocturia; outcomes were measures of sleep; study designs were restricted to randomised controlled trials. No limit was placed on comparison or year of publication. The publication type was restricted to journal articles in English.

Results Only 3 studies (N=137) were found to be relevant. No significant differences between intervention and control for nocturia outcomes was found in any study. There were mixed, but mostly null findings for objectively measured sleep outcomes. There was some evidence for subjective sleep outcomes.

Conclusion The small, underpowered studies that were found limit the conclusions that can be drawn from this evidence base. Given the loss of sleep quality associated with nocturia is implicated in the development of hypertension and type 2 diabetes, larger, appropriately powered trials should be undertaken.