Inspiratory crackles—early and late—revisited: identifying COPD by crackle characteristics

Hasse Melbye; Juan Carlos Aviles Solis; Cristina Jácome; Hans Pasterkamp

doi:10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000852

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Respiratory epidemiology

Inspiratory crackles—early and late—revisited: identifying COPD by crackle characteristics

Authors

Hasse Melbye General Practice Research Unit, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT The Arctic University of Tromsø, Tromso, Norway PubMed articles Google scholar articles
Juan Carlos Aviles Solis General Practice Research Unit, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UIT The Arctic University of Tromsø, Tromso, Norway PubMed articles Google scholar articles
Cristina Jácome Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), University of Porto Faculty of Medicine, Porto, Portugal PubMed articles Google scholar articles
Hans Pasterkamp Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba Faculty of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada PubMed articles Google scholar articles

Correspondence to Professor Hasse Melbye; hasse.melbye{at}uit.no

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Citation

Melbye H, Aviles Solis JC, Jácome C, et al

Inspiratory crackles—early and late—revisited: identifying COPD by crackle characteristics

BMJ Open Respiratory Research 2021;8:e000852. doi: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000852

Publication history

Received December 2, 2020
Revised February 2, 2021
Accepted February 5, 2021
First published March 5, 2021.

Online issue publication

July 13, 2022

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.