PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Zhe Wu
AU  - Hannah Jarvis
AU  - Luke S Howard
AU  - Corrina Wright
AU  - Onn Min Kon
TI  - Post-tuberculous fibrosing mediastinitis: a review of the literature
AID  - 10.1136/bmjresp-2016-000174
DP  - 2017 May 01
TA  - BMJ Open Respiratory Research
PG  - e000174
VI  - 4
IP  - 1
4099  - http://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000174.short
4100  - http://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000174.full
SO  - BMJ Open Resp Res2017 May 01; 4
AB  - Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a rare disease where there is thickening of the fibrous tissue in the mediastinum. While histoplasmosis is the the most common recognised cause, the link with tuberculosis (TB) has been rarely documented. We review the link between TB and FM, and describe a case of probable TB-related FM.Our case is of a 74-year-old man who presented with breathlessness 3 years after fully treated TB. Scans revealed a calcified soft tissue mass within the mediastinum, and a diagnosis of fibrosing mediastinitis resulting in pulmonary hypertension was made. Tests for histoplasmosis and IgG4 staining were negative. Surgical intervention was not felt to be beneficial, and he was treated with prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil.In the review, we highlight the two forms of mediastinitis—granulomatous versus fibrous, and how these two entities may be on a spectrum of disease progression. We also explore the prevalence, clinical presentation, pathogenesis, imaging techniques and treatment options of TB-related FM.