@article {Perrete001212, author = {Jennifer L Perret and Danielle Wurzel and E Haydn Walters and Adrian J Lowe and Caroline J Lodge and Dinh S Bui and Bircan Erbas and Gayan Bowatte and Melissa A Russell and Bruce R Thompson and Lyle Gurrin and Paul S Thomas and Garun Hamilton and John L Hopper and Michael J Abramson and Anne B Chang and Shyamali C Dharmage}, title = {Childhood {\textquoteleft}bronchitis{\textquoteright} and respiratory outcomes in middle-age: a prospective cohort study from age 7 to 53 years}, volume = {9}, number = {1}, elocation-id = {e001212}, year = {2022}, doi = {10.1136/bmjresp-2022-001212}, publisher = {Archives of Disease in childhood}, abstract = {Background Chronic bronchitis in childhood is associated with a diagnosis of asthma and/or bronchiectasis a few years later, however, consequences into middle-age are unknown.Objective To investigate the relationship between childhood bronchitis and respiratory-related health outcomes in middle-age.Design Cohort study from age 7 to 53 years.Setting General population of European descent from Tasmania, Australia.Participants 3202 participants of the age 53-year follow-up (mean age 53, range 51{\textendash}55) of the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort who were born in 1961 and first investigated at age 7 were included in our analysis.Statistical methods Multivariable linear and logistic regression. The association between parent reported childhood bronchitis up to age 7 and age 53-year lung conditions (n=3202) and lung function (n=2379) were investigated.Results Among 3202 participants, 47.5\% had one or more episodes of childhood bronchitis, classified according to severity based on the number of episodes and duration as: {\textquoteleft}non-recurrent bronchitis{\textquoteright} (28.1\%); {\textquoteleft}recurrent non-protracted bronchitis{\textquoteright} (18.1\%) and {\textquoteleft}recurrent-protracted bronchitis{\textquoteright} (1.3\%). Age 53 prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma and pneumonia (p-trend \<0.001) and chronic bronchitis (p-trend=0.07) increased in accordance with childhood bronchitis severities. At age 53, {\textquoteleft}recurrent-protracted bronchitis{\textquoteright} (the most severe subgroup in childhood) was associated with doctor-diagnosed current asthma (OR 4.54, 95\% CI 2.31 to 8.91) doctor-diagnosed pneumonia (OR=2.18 (95\% CI 1.00 to 4.74)) and, paradoxically, increased transfer factor for carbon monoxide (z-score +0.51 SD (0.15{\textendash}0.88)), when compared with no childhood bronchitis.Conclusion In this cohort born in 1961, one or more episodes of childhood bronchitis was a frequent occurrence. {\textquoteleft}Recurrent-protracted bronchitis{\textquoteright}, while uncommon, was especially linked to multiple respiratory outcomes almost five decades later, including asthma, pneumonia and raised lung gas transfer. These findings provide insights into the natural history of childhood {\textquoteleft}bronchitis{\textquoteright} into middle-age.Data are available on reasonable request. TAHS is a cohort study with data that has been prospectively collected since 1968 and will be an ongoing resource for future epidemiological analyses. Data collection protocols have been detailed in the TAHS cohort profile paper published in 2016 (Matheson et al. 2016 doi: 10.1093/ije/dyw028). The raw data have not been made widely available, but expressions of interest can be discussed with the corresponding author, JLP and/or principal investigator, SCD, on an individual basis.}, URL = {https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001212}, eprint = {https://bmjopenrespres.bmj.com/content/9/1/e001212.full.pdf}, journal = {BMJ Open Respiratory Research} }