Diagnosis | Lung cancer N=17 | Other conditions* N=18 | Interview study N=35 | SYMPTOM Lung study N=963 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Location (England) | ||||
East | 8 | 8 | 16 | |
North East | 9 | 10 | 19 | |
Sex | ||||
Female | 6 | 9 | 15 (42.9%) | 441 (45.8%) |
Male | 11 | 9 | 20 (57.1%) | 522 (54.2%) |
Age mean years (range) | 69 (57–83) | 61 (41–88) | 65 (41–88) | 66 (40–95) |
Ethnicity | ||||
White | 17 | 16 | 33 (94.3%) | 931 (96.7%) |
Other | – | 2 | 2 (5.7%) | 32 (3.3%) |
Smoking | ||||
Current smoker | 5 | 4 | 9 (25.7%) | 115 (12.2%) |
Ex-smoker | 10 | 6 | 16 (45.7%) | 517 (54.8%) |
Never smoked | 2 | 8 | 10 (28.6%) | 311 (33.0%) |
Education | ||||
Up to higher education | 10 | 13 | 23 (65.7%) | 655 (68.0%) |
Higher education or equivalent | 7 | 5 | 12 (34.3%) | 308 (32.0%) |
Employment† | ||||
In employment | 2 | 6 | 8 (23.5%) | 274 (30.4%) |
Disabled or unemployed | 2 | 4 | 6 (17.6%) | 56 (6.2%) |
Retired | 12 | 8 | 20 (58.8%) | 570 (63.3%) |
IMD quintile‡ | ||||
Least deprived 1 | 5 | 6 | 11 (31.4%) | 317 (32.9%) |
2 | 4 | 3 | 7 (20%) | 216 (22.4%) |
3 | 2 | 3 | 5 (14.3%) | 160 (16.6%) |
4 | 2 | 4 | 6 (17.1%) | 126 (13.1%) |
Most deprived 5 | 4 | 2 | 6 (17.1%) | 143 (14.9%) |
Number of GP appointments§ | ||||
1 | 9 | 7 | 16 | |
2 or more | 6 | 10 | 16 | |
Type of referral to specialist services¶ | ||||
Urgent (2WW) | 14 | 8 | 22 | |
Routine | 0 | 8 | 8 | |
Comorbidities | ||||
Respiratory | ||||
COPD | 1 | 3 | 4 | |
Other lung conditions | 1 | 4 | 5 | |
Other | ||||
Previous cancer** | 2 | 1 | 3 | |
Diabetes | 3 | 1 | 4 | |
Heart disease | 4 | 4 | 8 | |
Arthritis | 3 | 7 | 10 | |
Anxiety/depression | 3 | 2 | 5 | |
IBS | 2 | 2 | 4 |
*Other conditions: pneumonia (3), COPD (2), asthma (1), pleurisy (1), fibrosis asbestosis (1), eosinophilic bronchitis (1), allergic rhinitis (1), acid reflux (1), calcified lung lesion (1), weight gain (1), post-infection sensitivity (1), nil abnormal found (3) and unreported (1).
†Missing data interview study n=1: questionnaire study n=63.
‡The IMD is a key data set on deprivation. The Indices measure levels of deprivation across seven distinct domains: Income Deprivation, Employment Deprivation, Health Deprivation and Disability, Education Skills and Training Deprivation, Barriers to Housing and Services, Living Environment Deprivation and Crime.
§Three participants referred following MRI or CT for other conditions.
¶5 Missing: missing data=3; referred through secondary care hospitals to tertiary centres=2.
**Previous cancer sites: kidney (1) and bowel (2).
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GP, general practitioner; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; IMD, Index of Multiple Deprivation.