Prevalence of comorbid conditions or lifestyle factors prior to the date of diagnosis of CAP in cases, expressed as OR (95% CI)
| Risk factors | Simple regression* OR (95% CI) | P value | Multiple regression* OR (95% CI) | P value |
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| Arthritis | 1.68 (1.49 to 1.90) | 2.96×10–17† | 1.55 (1.37 to 1.75) | 1.29×10–12 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.14 (1.09 to 1.19) | 3.82×10–09† | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.08) | 1.19×10–01 |
| Hepatitis | 1.83 (1.71 to 1.96) | 1.59×10–72† | 1.47 (1.37 to 1.57) | 7.64×10–29 |
| Cardiopathy | 1.89 (1.81 to 1.97) | 2.11×10–200† | 1.60 (1.54 to 1.67) | 6.84×10–114 |
| Stroke | 1.84 (1.73 to 1.96) | 6.01×10–81† | 1.55 (1.46 to 1.65) | 2.01×10–44 |
| Depression | 1.47 (1.42 to 1.52) | 7.01×10–121† | 1.21 (1.18 to 1.25) | 6.51×10–32 |
| Diabetes | 1.37 (1.32 to 1.42) | 5.19×10–73† | 1.14 (1.10 to 1.18) | 1.69×10–14 |
| Anaemia | 1.63 (1.57 to 1.69) | 2.19×10–151† | 1.42 (1.37 to 1.47) | 1.17×10–79 |
| Chronic renal disease | 1.99 (1.86 to 2.14) | 6.12×10–81† | 1.54 (1.44 to 1.66) | 3.63×10–34 |
| Dysphagia | 2.21 (1.96 to 2.50) | 6.34×10–37† | 1.76 (1.56 to 1.99) | 2.86×10–19 |
| Multiple sclerosis | 1.82 (1.36 to 2.42) | 4.51×10–05† | 1.76 (1.31 to 2.35) | 1.56×10–04 |
| Epilepsy | 1.86 (1.70 to 2.04) | 1.06×10–40† | 1.59 (1.45 to 1.74) | 1.04×10–22 |
| Parkinson | 1.69 (1.52 to 1.87) | 4.53×10–23† | 1.55 (1.40 to 1.72) | 2.41×10–17 |
| Dementia | 1.86 (1.75 to 1.98) | 4.11×10–86† | 1.92 (1.81 to 2.04) | 2.76×10–100 |
| COPD | 2.97 (2.84 to 3.12) | 0† | 2.48 (2.37 to 2.60) | 0 |
| Asthma | 2.16 (2.07 to 2.26) | 1.18×10–252† | 1.87 (1.79 to 1.96) | 1.48×10–162 |
| Guillain-Barré | 3.09 (1.47 to 6.80) | 3.54×10–03 | ||
| HIV | 5.21 (4.35 to 6.27) | 1.11×10–70† | 4.67 (3.89 to 5.64) | 1.99×10–59 |
| Lifestyle factors | ||||
| Alcoholism | 1.60 (1.49 to 1.72) | 2.16×10–39† | ||
| Tobacco | ||||
| Passive smoker | 1.33 (1.30 to 1.37) | 2.06×10–93† | 1.26 (1.23 to 1.30) | 1.20×10–63 |
| Smoker/ex-smoker | 1.96 (1.91 to 2.02) | 0† | 1.69 (1.64 to 1.74) | 2.60×10–283 |
| Poor dental hygiene | 1.45 (1.41 to 1.49) | 1.20×10–151† | 1.27 (1.23 to 1.31) | 5.28×10–62 |
| Low weight | 2.02 (1.84 to 2.23) | 3.39×10–45† | 1.67 (1.51 to 1.84) | 2.71×10–24 |
| Low social status | 2.49 (1.97 to 3.17) | 4.91×10–14† | 1.64 (1.28 to 2.11) | 9.09×10–05 |
*Including age and sex as covariables.
†P values surpassing Bonferroni correction.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.