Table 5

Daily smoking rates and cumulative cigarette-years in regular smokers and FEF50 and FEF25–75% in asthmatics, the Finnish Environment and Asthma Study 1997–2000

Pre-bronchodilatorPre-bronchodilatorPost-bronchodilatorPost-bronchodilator
FEF50 (L/s)FEF25–75% (L/s)FEF50 (L/s)FEF25–75% (L/s)
β95% CIβ95% CIβ95% CIβ95% CI
All*
 Smoking raten=320†‡n=320‡§n=272¶**n=274**††
  Never-smokerReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
  Regular smoker 1–14 cigarettes/day−0.205−0.556 to 0.146−0.192−0.490 to 0.105−0.072−0.468 to 0.3240.021−0.317 to 0.360
  Regular smoker ≥15 cigarettes/day−0.767 −1.133 to − 0.401 −0.586 −0.895 to − 0.277 −1.083 −1.500 to − 0.666 −0.871 −1.227 to − 0.516
  Per 10 cigarettes/day−0.344 −0.511 to − 0.177 −0.278 −0.419 to − 0.136 −0.459 −0.653 to − 0.265 −0.364 −0.531 to − 0.198
 Cumulative smokingn=318†‡‡n=318§‡‡n=270**§§n=272††§§
  Regular smoker 1–199 cigarette-years−0.275−0.697 to 0.147−0.113−0.468 to 0.242−0.095−0.577 to 0.3870.070−0.341 to 0.481
  Regular smoker ≥200 cigarette-years−0.610 −0.948 to − 0.273 −0.557 −0.841 to − 0.274 −0.835 −1.225 to − 0.446 −0.695 −1.025 to − 0.364
  Per 100 cigarette-years−0.118 −0.175 to − 0.061 −0.097 −0.145 to − 0.049 −0.177 −0.241 to − 0.113 −0.142 −0.197 to − 0.087
Men¶¶
 Smoking raten=95†n=96§n=81¶n=83††
  Never-smokerReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
  Regular smoker 1–14 cigarettes/day0.254−0.510 to 1.019−0.009−0.638 to 0.6550.761−0.235 to 1.7570.679−0.153 to 1.511
  Regular smoker ≥15 cigarettes/day−0.509−1.174 to 0.156−0.390−0.965 to 0.186−0.958 −1.815 to − 0.101 −0.738 −1.471 to − 0.004
  Per 10 cigarettes/day−0.142−0.439 to 0.155−0.134−0.386 to 0.118−0.314−0.717 to 0.088−0.243−0.582 to 0.097
 Cumulative smokingn=95†n=96§n=81¶n=83††
  Regular smoker 1–199 cigarette-years0.143−0.766 to 1.0510.206−0.541 to 0.9530.502−0.732 to 1.7360.594−0.414 to 1.601
  Regular smoker ≥200 cigarette-years−0.354−1.010 to 0.302−0.427−0.984 to 0.130−0.611−1.487 to 0.246−0.498−1.239 to 0.242
  Per 100 cigarette-years−0.049−0.145 to 0.046−0.044−0.125 to 0.036−0.138 −0.266 to − 0.010 −0.111 −0.218 to − 0.004
Women¶¶
 Smoking raten=225†‡n=224‡§n=191¶**n=191**††
  Never-smokerReferenceReferenceReferenceReference
  Regular smoker 1–14 cigarettes/day−0.426 −0.826 to − 0.027 −0.317−0.654 to 0.019−0.423 −0.835 to − 0.012 −0.279−0.633 to 0.076
  Regular smoker ≥15 cigarettes/day−0.653 −1.140 to − 0.166 −0.504 −0.911 to − 0.097 −0.936 −1.451 to − 0.422 −0.763 −1.202 to − 0.323
  Per 10 cigarettes/day−0.395 −0.623 to − 0.166 −0.304 −0.496 to − 0.113 −0.518 −0.761 to − 0.274 −0.405 −0.614 to − 0.196
 Cumulative smokingn=223†‡‡n=222§‡‡n=189¶§§n=189**§§
  Regular smoker 1–199 cigarette-years−0.465−0.937 to 0.008−0.276−0.676 to 0.123−0.344−0.832 to 0.145−0.173−0.596 to 0.250
  Regular smoker ≥200 cigarette-years−0.592 −1.009 to − 0.175 −0.514 −0.861 to − 0.166 −0.861 −1.300 to − 0.421 −0.714 −1.088 to − 0.339
  Per 100 cigarette-years−0.152 −0.240 to − 0.063 −0.126 −0.200 to − 0.053 −0.208 −0.299 to − 0.118 −0.169 −0.246 to − 0.091

  • *Adjusted for age, height, education, past 12 months secondhand smoking (SHS), lifetime cumulative SHS and mould odour.

  • †Pre-bronchodilator FEF50 is available for 322 regularly smoking or never-smoking participants (95 men and 227 women).

  • ‡Smoking rate is missing for 2 women for daily smoking.

  • §Pre-bronchodilator FEF25–75% is available for 322 regularly smoking or never-smoking participants (96 men and 226 women).

  • ¶Post-bronchodilator FEF50 is available for 273 regularly smoking or never-smoking participants (81 men and 192 women).

  • **Smoking rate is missing for 1 woman for daily smoking.

  • ††Post-bronchodilator FEF25–75% is available for 275 regularly smoking or never-smoking participants (83 men and 192 women).

  • ‡‡Cigarette-years is missing for 4 women.

  • §§Cigarette-years is missing for 3 women.

  • ¶¶Adjusted for sex, age, height, education, past 12 months SHS, lifetime cumulative SHS and mould odour.