Analyses of the included studies regarding PA, MMA and PAS
| Author, year | Point PA | Pre-PA mean±SD (cm3) | Post-PA mean±SD (cm3) | Max ADV (mm) | Mand ADV (mm) | Max:mand ADV ratio | Pre-PAS mean±SD (mm) | Post-PAS mean±SD (mm) | Change in PAS mean±SD |
| Fairburn et al 17 2007 | PAS | NA | NA | NA | 10 | NA | 11.125 | 16.96 | 5.8±3 |
| Jones et al 18 2010 | PAS | NA | NA | 12.05±2.7 | 16.23±5.72 | NA | 9.5±3.66 | 13.28±5.72 | 2.55±3.18 (p>0.01) |
| Ronchi et al 19 2013 | PAS | NA | NA | 5.2±4.5 | 9.5±8.7 | 1.83 | 5±2.2 | 9.5±3.3 | 4.5±2.75 (p=0.74) |
| Bianchi et al 20 2014 | PAS | 12.9±4.0 (p<0.005) | 20.7±3.5 (p<0.005) | 10 | 10 | 1.00 | NA | NA | NA |
| Schendel et al 21 2014 | PAS | 74.1 | 176.9 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 1.01 | 6.07±2.3 | 9.60±4.1 | 3.53±3.2 |
| Hsieh et al 22 2014 | PAS | 17.1±7.0 (p<0.001) | 23.2±8.6 (p<0.001) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Veys et al 23 2017 | PAS | 28.78±8.4 (p=0.002) | 38.97±15.07 (p=0.002) | 8.0±2.1 | 9.8±1.8 | 1.23 | NA | NA | NA |
| de Ruiter et al 24 2017 | PAS | NA | NA | 7±2.2 (p=0.164) | 7±3.7 (p=0.248) | 1.00 | 7±3.7 | 14±4.4 | 7±4.05 |
*In the sample of Veys et al,23 only six patients were assessed out of 11 (pts 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11).
†P values <0.005 were considered significant (95% CI).
ADV, advancement; mand, mandibular; max, maxillary; MMA, maxillomandibular advancement;NA, not assessed by the authors; PA, pharyngeal airway; PAS, pharyngeal airway space; pt, patient.