Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics for subgroups of asthma by NLP-PAC and NLP-API.
| NLP-PAC+/ NLP-API+ (n=1614) | NLP-PAC+ only (n=954) | NLP-API+ only (n=105) | NLP-PAC−/ NLP-API− (n=5523) | Total (n=8196) | P value | |
| Age at the last follow-up date, years, mean (SD) | 12.2 (3.1) | 12.2 (3.1) | 11.8 (3.2) | 11.6 (3.2) | 11.8 (3.2) | <0.001 |
| Male, n (%) | 959 (59) | 521 (55) | 58 (55) | 2664 (48) | 4202 (51) | <0.001 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.007 | |||||
| White | 1289 (80) | 779 (82) | 77 (73) | 4414 (80) | 6559 (80) | |
| Black | 93 (6) | 53 (6) | 8 (8) | 244 (4) | 398 (5) | |
| Hispanic | 50 (3) | 27 (3) | 7 (7) | 233 (4) | 317 (4) | |
| Asian | 69 (4) | 26 (3) | 5 (5) | 270 (5) | 370 (5) | |
| Others | 101 (6) | 60 (6) | 7 (7) | 314 (6) | 482 (6) | |
| HOUSES* at birth in the lowest quartile, n (%) | 343 (21) | 191 (20) | 23 (22) | 971 (18) | 1528 (19) | 0.004 |
| Overweight†, n (%) | 281 (17) | 179 (19) | 20 (19) | N/A | 480 f (18) | 0.62‡ |
| Maternal smoking history during pregnancy, n (%) | 131 (8) | 88 (9) | 12 (11) | 105 (2) | 336 (4) | 0.52 |
| Family history of asthma, n (%) | 586 (36) | 135 (14) | 36 (34) | 826 (15) | 1583 (19) | <0.001 |
| Well-child visit per year, mean (SD) | 0.95 (0.31) | 0.90 (0.29) | 0.96 (0.36) | 0.93 (0.36) | 0.93 (0.34) | <0.001 |
The percentage of each variable was calculated with the number of each group (column %).
*HOUSES: individual-level housing-based socioeconomic status measure in quartile.
†Overweight at asthma index date (for children age 2 years or more, body mass index-for-age at or above 85% used (https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/defining.html)); for those age less than 2 years, weight-for-lengths at or above 95%; (https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpao/growthcharts/who/using/).
‡Overweight for NLP-PAC−/NLP-API− group is not available; p values were calculated among asthmatic group, n=2673 (NLP-PAC+/NLP-API+, NLP-PAC+ only and NLP-API+ only).
NLP, natural language processing; NLP-API, NLP algorithms for Asthma Predictive Index; NLP-PAC, NLP algorithms for Predetermined Asthma Criteria .