Table 2

Procedural complications of research bronchoscopy

NCOPDAsthmaControlsComparison, COPD/controls
12216101
Cough during bronchoscopyp=0.81
 Without need for intervention18.9%12.5%14.9%
 In need of intervention4.1%6.3%5.9%
 Leading to early termination of procedure2.5%6.3%3.0%
Bleeding during bronchoscopyp=0.06
 Without need for intervention9.0%12.5%4.0%
 In need of intervention3.3%12.5%0.0%
 Leading to early termination of procedure0.8%0.0%0.0%
Desaturation during bronchoscopyp=0.29
 Without need for intervention27.1%18.8%35.6%
 In need of intervention4.1%6.3%1.0%
 Leading to early termination of procedure0.0%0.0%1.0%
 Measurement failure2.5%0.0%2.0%
Haemodynamic changes*p=0.38
 Without need for intervention15.6%12.5%9.9%
 In need of intervention0.8%6.3%2.0%
 Leading to early termination of procedure0.0%0.0%1.0%
 Measurement failure0.8%0.0%0.0%
Retching leading to change of bronchoscope during bronchoscopy0.0%0.0%1.0%p=0.45
Retching leading to early termination0.0%0.0%3.0%p=0.09
Panic, subject unease1.6%0.0%0.0%p=0.50
Total amount of early terminated bronchoscopies, all reasons.4.9%6.3%7.9%p=0.36
Potentially severe complications immediately after bronchoscopy
 Bronchospasm immediately after bronchoscopy0.0%6.3%0.0%
 Syncope, rescued by naloxone0.8%0.0%0.0%
 Syncope, started resuscitation0.0%6.3%0.0%
Dyspnoea immediately after bronchoscopyp<0.01
 Without need for intervention2.5%0.0%1.0%
 In need of intervention8.2%6.3%0.0%
Postprocedural reactions leading to use of metoclopramide hydrochloride and/or naloxone3.3%6.3%5.0%p=0.74
Requiring any intervention or early termination of bronchoscopy, total26.2%37.5%23.8%p=0.67

  • *Not including complications listed under ‘severe complications’.

  • COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.