Descriptive data of the study participants, by sex and smoking
| All N=15 128 | Men n=7268 | Women n=7860 | Ever-smokers n=8008 | Never-smokers n=7120 | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 57.5 (4.3) | 57.5 (4.4) | 57.5 (4.3) | 58.0 (4.3) | 57.0 (4.3) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.9 (4.4) | 27.4 (4.0) | 26.5 (4.8) | 27.2 (4.5) | 26.6 (4.4) |
| Never-smokers, n (%) | 7120 (47.1) | 3587 (49.4) | 3533 (44.9) | N.A. | 7120 (100) |
| Ex-smokers, n (%) | 5769 (38.1) | 2597 (35.7) | 3172 (40.4) | 5769 (72.0) | N.A. |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 2239 (14.8) | 1084 (14.9) | 1155 (14.7) | 2239 (28.0) | N.A. |
| Pack-years, mean (SD) | 16.8 (14.0) | 18.1 (15.0) | 15.7 (13.0) | 16.8 (14.0) | N.A. |
| Any respiratory symptom*, n (%) | 1960 (13.3) | 879 (12.5) | 1081 (14.1) | 1301 (16.8) | 659 (9.5) |
| Wheeze, n (%) | 1126 (7.6) | 530 (7.5) | 596 (7.8) | 808 (10.4) | 318 (4.5) |
| Dyspnoea, n (%) | 738 (5.0) | 244 (3.4) | 494 (6.4) | 482 (6.2) | 256 (3.6) |
| Cough with phlegm, n (%) | 734 (4.9) | 378 (5.3) | 356 (4.6) | 490 (6.2) | 244 (3.4) |
| Physician-diagnosed asthma, n (%) | 659 (4.4) | 278 (3.8) | 381 (4.8) | 336 (4.2) | 323 (4.5) |
| FEV1 (% pred)† | 101.5 (14.2) | 100.6 (14.2) | 102.4 (14.2) | 100.2 (15.0) | 103.0 (13.1) |
| FVC (% pred)†, mean (SD) | 102.1 (13.1) | 100.9 (12.9) | 103.3 (13.0) | 102.1 (13.3) | 102.2 (12.8) |
| FEV1:FVC, mean (SD) | 0.78 (0.065) | 0.77 (0.067) | 0.78 (0.063) | 0.77 (0.071) | 0.79 (0.056) |
| CALGOLD, n (%) | 1461 (9.7) | 814 (11.2) | 647 (8.2) | 1046 (13.1) | 415 (5.8) |
| CALGOTHENBURG, n (%) | 1374 (9.1) | 720 (9.9) | 654 (8.3) | 999 (12.5) | 375 (5.3) |
| CALGLI, n (%) | 778 (5.1) | 378 (5.2) | 400 (5.1) | 591 (7.4) | 187 (2.6) |
*Cough with phlegm, dyspnoea or wheezing.
†Reference values from Brisman et al.16
BMI, body mass index; CAL, chronic airflow limitation; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; GLI, Global Lung Function Initiative; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; N.A., not applicable; % pred, per cent predicted.