All patients with a confirmed positive SARS-CoV-2 swab during the study period
| All patients | White ethnicity | Asian ethnicity | Black ethnicity | |
| n | 2217 | 1540 | 410 | 134 |
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 73 (58–84) | 77 (66–86) | 61 (45–73) | 62 (53–79) |
| Sex, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 927 (41.8) | 639 (41.5) | 170 (41.5) | 59 (44.0) |
| Male | 1290 (58.2) | 901 (58.5) | 240 (58.5) | 75 (56.0) |
| Self-reported ethnicity, n (%) | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| White | 1540 (69.5) | |||
| Mixed/multiple | 18 (0.8) | |||
| South Asian/South Asian British | 410 (18.5) | |||
| Black/African/Caribbean/black British | 134 (6.0) | |||
| Other ethnic group | 67 (3.0) | |||
| Preferred not to say | 22 (1.0) | |||
| Not known | 26 (1.2) | |||
| Comorbidity count, n (%) | ||||
| None | 439 (19.8) | 255 (16.6) | 114 (27.8) | 25 (18.7) |
| 1–2 | 888 (40.1) | 620 (40.3) | 155 (37.8) | 61 (45.5) |
| 3 or more | 890 (40.1) | 665 (43.2) | 141 (34.4) | 48 (35.8) |
| Morbidities, n (%) | ||||
| Hypertension | 864 (39.0) | 649 (42.1) | 126 (30.7) | 50 (37.3) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 268 (12.1) | 233 (15.1) | 18 (4.4) | 10 (7.5) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 464 (20.9) | 404 (26.2) | 26 (6.3) | 20 (14.9) |
| Ischaemic heart disease, angina, myocardial infarct | 546 (24.6) | 404 (26.2) | 100 (24.4) | 24 (17.9) |
| Diabetes (type 1 and 2) | 752 (33.9) | 434 (28.2) | 197 (48.0) | 72 (53.7) |
| Asthma | 439 (19.8) | 290 (18.8) | 91 (22.2) | 34 (25.4) |
| COPD | 376 (17.0) | 333 (21.6) | 20 (4.9) | 14 (10.5) |
| Interstitial lung disease | 49 (2.2) | 40 (2.6) | 4 (1.0) | 2 (1.5) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 511 (23.0) | 338 (21.9) | 111 (27.1) | 42 (31.3) |
| Any active malignancy | 152 (6.9) | 124 (8.1) | 12 (2.9) | 7 (5.2) |
| Dementia (all types) | 326 (14.7) | 283 (18.4) | 22 (5.4) | 10 (7.5) |
| Obesity | 267 (12.0) | 174 (11.3) | 60 (14.6) | 12 (9.0) |
| English Indices of Deprivation, n (%) | ||||
| 1 (most deprived) | 1003 (45.2) | 554 (36.0) | 276 (67.3) | 89 (66.4) |
| 2 | 416 (18.8) | 320 (20.8) | 50 (12.2) | 26 (19.4) |
| 3 | 311 (14.1) | 263 (17.1) | 29 (7.1) | 11 (8.2) |
| 4 | 230 (10.3) | 195 (12.7) | 18 (4.4) | 4 (3.0) |
| 5 (least deprived) | 225 (10.1) | 195 (12.7) | 20 (4.9) | 3 (2.2) |
| Missing, n (%) | 32 (1.4) | 13 (0.8) | 17 (4.2) | 1 (0.8) |
| Recovered and discharged, n (%) | 1052 (47.5) | 679 (44.1) | 225 (54.9) | 76 (56.7) |
| Remain admitted at point of data census, n (%) | 554 (25.0) | 411 (26.7) | 79 (19.3) | 26 (19.4) |
| Died, n (%) | 611 (27.5) | 450 (29.2) | 106 (25.9) | 32 (23.9) |
| Duration of symptoms prior to admission (in days), n where data were available (% of 567) | 567 | 350 (61.7) | 123 (21.7) | 37 (6.5) |
| Median (IQR) | 7 (3–10) | 6 (3–10) | 7 (4–10) | 7 (3.5–13.5) |
| Severity of COVID-19 on admission | ||||
| Documented, n | 736 | 483 | 137 | 53 |
| Mild, n (% of those recorded) | 449 (61) | 295 (61.1) | 79 (57.7) | 36 (67.9) |
| Moderate, n (% of those recorded) | 185 (25.1) | 134 (27.7) | 24 (17.5) | 10 (18.9) |
| Severe, n (% of those recorded) | 102 (13.9) | 54 (11.2) | 34 (24.8) | 7 (13.2) |
| Care escalation to ITU, n (%) | 269 (12.1) | 133 (8.6) | 86 (21.0) | 21 (15.7) |
| LOS in full days, median (IQR) | ||||
| LOS for total population | 6 (2–12) | 6 (2–12) | 5 (2–9) | 5 (3–11) |
| LOS for patients discharged | 5 (2–11) | 6 (2–13) | 4.5 (2–8) | 5 (3–9) |
| LOS for patients who died | 6 (3–11) | 6 (3–12) | 5 (2–8) | 6 (3–9) |
Data are number (percentage) unless otherwise stated.
Ethnicity was self-reported or inferred (see the Methods section). Medical conditions were physician-confirmed and checked against admission and linked primary care notes. English Indices of Deprivation were calculated using postcode. Severity was determined by respiratory oxygen requirements (see the Methods section). Subgroup data are provided for those ethnicities which represented more than 5% of the whole population.
For English Indices of Deprivation, the quintiles were as follows: quintile 1=33.5–78.1; quintile 2=21.7–33.2; quintile 3=14.4–21.5; quintile 4=8.8–14.1; quintile 5=1.4–8.6.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LOS, length of stay; N/A, not applicable.