Frequency of COPD in subgroups with basal inspiratory crackles identified by both observers among all participants and in those who reported current or former smoking
| All participants | Former or current smokers | |||||
| n | COPD, n (%) | P value | n | COPD n (%) | P value | |
| All | 3684 | 204 (5.5) | 2171 | 185 (8.5) | ||
| Basal inspiratory crackles, one or both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 263 | 29 (11.0) | <0.001 | 194 | 29 (14.9) | 0.001 |
| No | 3421 | 175 (5.1) | 1977 | 156 (7.9) | ||
| Basal inspiratory crackles, both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 71 | 11 (15.5) | <0.001 | 53 | 11 (20.8) | 0.001 |
| No | 3613 | 193 (5.3) | 2118 | 174 (8.2) | ||
| Basal coarse inspiratory crackles, one or both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 162 | 22 (13.6) | <0.001 | 124 | 22 (17.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 3522 | 182/5.2) | 2047 | 163 (8.0) | ||
| Basal coarse inspiratory crackles, both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 34 | 7 (20.6) | <0.001 | 28 | 7 (25%) | 0.002 |
| No | 3650 | 197 (5.4) | 2143 | 178 (8.3) | ||
| Basal early inspiratory crackles, one or both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 87 | 20 (23.0) | <0.001 | 74 | 20 (27.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 3597 | 184 (5.1) | 2097 | 165 (7.9) | ||
| Basal early inspiratory crackles, both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 13 | 5 (38.5) | <0.001 | 11 | 5 (45.5) | <0.001 |
| No | 3671 | 199 (5.4) | 2160 | 180 (8.3) | ||
| Basal inspiratory crackles, early and coarse, one or both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 64 | 14 (21.9) | <0.001 | 54 | 14 (25.9) | <0.001 |
| No | 3620 | 190 (5.2) | 2117 | 171 (8.1) | ||
| Basal inspiratory crackles, early and coarse, both lungs | ||||||
| Yes | 6 | 3 (50.0) | <0.001 | 6 | 3 (50.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 3678 | 201 (5.5) | 2165 | 182 (8.4) | ||
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.