Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings for patients admitted to the respiratory units
| Total (N=234) | Died (N=76) | Alive (N=158) | P value | |
| Age (median, IQR) | 65 (54–80) | 79 (70–83) | 58 (50–71) | <0.001* |
| Men | 155 (66.2%) | 48 (63.2%) | 107 (67.7%) | 0.5† |
| Ethnicity | 0.03† | |||
| White | 135 (57.7%) | 55 (72.4%) | 80 (50.6%) | |
| Other | 18 (7.7%) | 3 (3.9%) | 15 (9.5%) | |
| Asian | 46 (19.7%) | 12 (15.8%) | 34 (21.5%) | |
| Black | 31 (13.2%) | 5 (6.6%) | 26 (16.5%) | |
| Mixed | 4 (1.7%) | 1 (1.3%) | 3 (1.9%) | |
| CFS (n=76)‡ | 0.2† | |||
| <5 | 34 (44.7%) | 13 (36.1%) | 21 (52.5%) | |
| ≥5 | 42 (55.3%) | 23 (63.9%) | 19 (47.5%) | |
| TEP (n=186) | <0.001† | |||
| Level 1 | 57 (30.6%) | 33 (57.9%) | 24 (18.6%) | |
| Level 2 | 32 (17.2%) | 17 (29.8%) | 15 (11.6%) | |
| Level 3 | 97 (52.2%) | 7 (12.3%) | 90 (69.8%) | |
| Pre-existing DM (n=212) | 69 (32.5%) | 24 (36.9%) | 45 (30.6%) | 0.4† |
| Obese | 32 (13.7%) | 8 (10.5%) | 24 (15.2%) | 0.3† |
| CRP Adm (n=219) | 127 (99) | 129 (100) | 125 (99) | 0.8* |
| Peak (n=220) | 213 (286) | 267 (479) | 189 (115) | 0.06* |
| DC (n=200) | 97 (101) | 183 (115) | 57 (62) | <0.001* |
| Creat Adm (n=228) | 109 (82) | 117 (98) | 106 (74) | 0.3* |
| Peak (n=225) | 148 (152) | 174 (165) | 137 (145) | 0.09* |
| DC (n=204) | 110 (113) | 156 (166) | 88 (68) | <0.001* |
| ALT Adm (n=215) | 45 (56) | 47 (71) | 44 (48) | 0.7* |
| Peak (n=217) | 98 (253) | 146 (443) | 77 (82) | 0.06* |
| DC (n=187) | 66 (192) | 102 (338) | 50 (53) | 0.09† |
| Lymph Adm (n=233) | 1.12 (0.97) | 1.19 (1.47) | 1.08 (0.62) | 0.04† |
| Nadir (n=225) | 0.83 (0.92) | 0.90 (1.50) | 0.79 (0.46) | 0.07† |
| DC (n=202) | 1.31 (1.37) | 1.18 (2.23) | 1.37 (0.69) | 0.04† |
All tests with Bonferroni correction.
All continuous variables expressed as mean (SD) unless otherwise specified.
*Linear model ANOVA.
†Pearson’s χ2 tests.
‡CFS only extracted for patients >65 years old.
Adm, admission result; ALT, alanine transferase; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CFS, Clinical Frailty Score; Creat, Creatinine; CRP, C-Reactive Protein; DC, discharge result; DM, Diabetes Mellitus; Lymph, lymphocyte count; n, number of patients with data available; TEP, Treatment Escalation Plan.