Characteristics of intubated patients with COVID-19 by obesity class
| Characteristic | Underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) n=5 | Normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2) n=104 | Overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9 kg/m2) n=138 | Obese (BMI 30.0–39.9 kg/m2) n=137 | Morbidly obese (BMI >40.0 kg/m2) n=23 |
| Age | 54 (50, 78) | 71 (59, 77) | 66 (55, 74) | 63 (52, 70) | 57 (38, 64) |
| Female | 1 (20%) | 30 (29%) | 40 (29%) | 41 (30%) | 10 (43%) |
| Race | |||||
| Black | 1 (20%) | 6 (5.8%) | 11 (8.0%) | 17 (12%) | 3 (13%) |
| White | 3 (60%) | 36 (35%) | 38 (28%) | 54 (39%) | 13 (57%) |
| Asian | 1 (20%) | 26 (25%) | 28 (20%) | 12 (8.8%) | 2 (8.7%) |
| Other | 0 (0%) | 26 (25%) | 40 (29%) | 32 (23%) | 3 (13%) |
| Not specified | 0 (0%) | 10 (9.6%) | 21 (15%) | 22 (16%) | 2 (8.7%) |
| Outside transfer | 0 (0%) | 31 (30%) | 54 (39%) | 36 (26%) | 6 (26%) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Active smoker | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (3.6%) | 6 (4.4%) | 1 (4.3%) |
| Former smoker | 2 (40%) | 18 (17%) | 37 (27%) | 36 (26%) | 7 (30%) |
| No | 3 (60%) | 86 (83%) | 96 (70%) | 95 (69%) | 15 (65%) |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0%) | 25 (24%) | 48 (35%) | 51 (37%) | 11 (48%) |
| Hypertension | 3 (60%) | 52 (50%) | 82 (59%) | 85 (62%) | 14 (61%) |
| COPD | 0 (0%) | 6 (5.8%) | 9 (6.5%) | 7 (5.1%) | 4 (17%) |
| Asthma | 0 (0%) | 10 (9.6%) | 10 (7.2%) | 19 (14%) | 3 (13%) |
| ESRD | 0 (0%) | 5 (4.8%) | 4 (2.9%) | 6 (4.4%) | 0 (0%) |
| CAD | 1 (20%) | 17 (16%) | 21 (15%) | 26 (19%) | 7 (30%) |
| Heart failure | 2 (40%) | 4 (3.8%) | 9 (6.5%) | 10 (7.3%) | 2 (8.7%) |
| Active cancer | 1 (20%) | 8 (7.7%) | 7 (5.1%) | 10 (7.3%) | 0 (0%) |
| CVA | 0 (0%) | 15 (14%) | 7 (5.1%) | 3 (2.2%) | 1 (4.3%) |
| Cirrhosis | 0 (0%) | 2 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.2%) | 0 (0%) |
| History of transplant | 0 (0%) | 6 (5.8%) | 3 (2.2%) | 5 (3.6%) | 0 (0%) |
| Immunocompromised | 1 (20%) | 3 (2.9%) | 3 (2.2%) | 5 (3.6%) | 0 (0%) |
| SOFA score | |||||
| SOFA score (Day 1) | 10.00 (8.00, 15.00) | 11.75 (10.00, 13.00) | 12.00 (10.00, 13.00) | 11.00 (10.00, 13.00) | 11.00 (10.00, 12.50) |
| SOFA score (Day 2) | 10.00 (6.00, 11.00) | 11.00 (10.00, 13.00) | 11.00 (9.50, 12.00) | 11.00 (10.00, 13.00) | 11.00 (9.00, 12.25) |
| SOFA score (Day 3) | 10.00 (8.25, 11.25) | 11.00 (9.25, 12.75) | 11.00 (9.00, 12.25) | 11.00 (9.00, 13.00) | 11.00 (8.50, 13.00) |
| In-hospital events | |||||
| Myocardial infarction | 0 (0%) | 13 (12%) | 14 (10%) | 16 (12%) | 4 (17%) |
| Arrythmia | 0 (0%) | 28 (27%) | 43 (31%) | 38 (28%) | 5 (22%) |
| VTE | 1 (20%) | 24 (23%) | 27 (20%) | 32 (23%) | 5 (22%) |
| Renal replacement | 0 (0%) | 21 (20%) | 25 (18%) | 37 (27%) | 5 (22%) |
| Acute kidney injury | 2 (40%) | 53 (51%) | 70 (51%) | 66 (48%) | 10 (43%) |
| Home medications | |||||
| NSAIDs | 1 (20%) | 37 (36%) | 33 (24%) | 44 (32%) | 8 (35%) |
| ACE inhibitor | 3 (60%) | 26 (25%) | 42 (30%) | 41 (30%) | 7 (30%) |
| Statins | 2 (40%) | 36 (35%) | 52 (38%) | 51 (37%) | 9 (39%) |
| Hospital interventions | |||||
| Antibiotics | 3 (60%) | 94 (90%) | 130 (94%) | 134 (98%) | 21 (91%) |
| Steroids | 2 (40%) | 76 (73%) | 93 (67%) | 89 (65%) | 17 (74%) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 4 (80%) | 89 (86%) | 123 (89%) | 125 (91%) | 17 (74%) |
| Tocilizumab | 0 (0%) | 11 (11%) | 24 (17%) | 23 (17%) | 3 (13%) |
| Vasopressors | 5 (100%) | 98 (94%) | 133 (96%) | 131 (96%) | 22 (96%) |
| Remdesivir | 0 (0%) | 11 (11%) | 16 (12%) | 17 (12%) | 7 (30%) |
| IVIG | 0 (0%) | 3 (2.9%) | 2 (1.4%) | 5 (3.6%) | 0 (0%) |
| Rocuronium | 1 (100%) | 26 (96%) | 39 (91%) | 56 (88%) | 10 (100%) |
| Cisatracurium | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 5 (12%) | 9 (14%) | 0 (0%) |
| Prone positioning | 2 (40%) | 38 (37%) | 64 (46%) | 74 (54%) | 12 (52%) |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Discharge to home | 1 (20%) | 21 (20%) | 31 (22%) | 42 (31%) | 10 (43%) |
| Length of stay | 15.2 (10.5, 18.3) | 26.5 (15.5, 52.1) | 34.0 (20.6, 50.9) | 33.9 (15.6, 54.2) | 21.3 (14.3, 48.1) |
| Length of stay (survivors only) | 18.7 (16.9, 20.4) | 48.8 (29.2, 69.9) | 40.9 (26.1, 56.5) | 41.9 (26.7, 66.1) | 27.1 (17.4, 57.3) |
| Tracheostomy | 0 (0%) | 32 (32%) | 47 (36%) | 51 (39%) | 5 (22%) |
| Vent-free (28) days | 0 (0, 19) | 0 (0, 9) | 0 (0, 14) | 0 (0, 12) | 0 (0, 17) |
| Vent-free (60) days | 0 (0, 51) | 0 (0, 39) | 26 (0, 46) | 23 (0, 44) | 23 (0, 49) |
| Death | 3 (60%) | 49 (47%) | 42 (30%) | 40 (29%) | 8 (35%) |
Baseline values are presented as median (25–75th percentile) for continuous variables and N (%) for categorical variables.
CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; ESRD, end stage renal disease; IVIG, intravenous immunoglobulin; NSAID, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; VTE, venous thromboembolic event.