Baseline characteristics (n=28 584)
| Demographic characteristic | |
| Age (years) | 44.6 (±7.2) |
| Gender (%, male) | 73.3 |
| Height (m) | 1.74 (±0.09) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 (±3.5) |
| Smoking status (%) | |
| Current smokers | 48.1 |
| Former smokers | 17.1 |
| Never smokers | 34.8 |
| Prevalent diabetes (%) | 3.1 |
| Prevalent COPD (%) | 0.3 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.61 (±1.07) |
| ESR (mm/h)* | 5.0 (3.0–8.0) |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 126 (±15) |
| Lung function measurement | |
| FEV1 (L) | 3.28 (±0.82) |
| FEV1 (%predicted) | 95.2 (±17.9) |
| FVC (L) | 4.20 (±1.01) |
| FVC (%predicted) | 97.0 (±16.5) |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.785 (±0.092) |
| FEV1/FVC (%predicted) | 98.5 (11.4) |
Data are presented as mean±SD unless otherwise stated. *Median values with 25th–75th percentiles for covariates with skewed distribution.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.