Outcome | D-12 score | MDP score |
SF-12 physical score | Total −0.32 (−0.42 to −0.21) | A1 −0.09 (−0.20 to 0.02) |
Physical −0.33 (−0.44 to −0.22) | Perception −0.06 (−0.16 to 0.04) | |
Affective −0.30 (−0.39 to −0.21) | Emotional response −0.04 (−0.13 to 0.05) | |
SF-12 mental score | Total −0.27 (−0.39 to −0.14) | A1 −0.14 (−0.26 to −0.01) |
Physical −0.26 (−0.38 to −0.14) | Perception −0.13 (−0.25 to −0.01) | |
Affective 0.01 (−0.08 to 0.11) | Emotional response −0.51 (−0.61 to −0.42) |
Associations of corresponding scores of D-12 and the MDP, analysed concurrently in the same model, with physical and mental QoL. QoL was assessed using the SF-12 questionnaire. To be able to compare the strengths of the associations between the different scales, all scores were log transformed (to yield more normal distributions) and analysed as z-scores.
All models were adjusted for the confounders smoking history, packet-years, BMI, cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases.
BMI, body mass index; D-12, Dyspnoea-12; MDP, Multidimensional Dyspnoea Profile; QoL, quality of life; SF-12, Short Form 12.