Baseline characteristics by functional status trajectory after pneumonia hospitalisation
| Characteristics | Total | Excellent (n=28) | Good (n=52) | Poor (n=58) | Very poor (n=63) | P value |
| Age, years | 79.4 (7.6) | 74.4 (6.6) | 78.1 (7.2) | 82.0 (7.0) | 80.4 (7.7) | <0.01 |
| Female | 75 (37.3) | 7 (25.0) | 20 (38.5) | 24 (41.4) | 24 (38.1) | 0.53 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.0 (4.5) | 22.3 (3.8) | 24.1 (3.8) | 22.1 (4.7) | 18.4 (3.9) | <0.01 |
| Nursing home resident | 38 (23.3%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (8.6) | 33 (52.4) | <0.01 |
| FI (range: 0–1) | 0.28 (0.14, 0.50) | 0.07 (0.04, 0.11) | 0.16 (0.14, 0.19) | 0.32 (0.24, 0.41) | 0.54 (0.50, 0.58) | <0.01 |
| CURB-65 (range: 0–5) | 2 (1, 3) | 1 (1, 2) | 2 (1, 3) | 2.5 (1, 3) | 3 (1, 4) | <0.01 |
| PSI (range: 0–395) | 128 (101, 162) | 105 (83, 113) | 109 (89, 140) | 138 (110, 163) | 143.5 (121, 171) | <0.01 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 56 (27.8) | 9 (32.1) | 15 (28.9) | 18 (31.0) | 14 (22.2) | 0.67 |
| Diabetes | 70 (34.8) | 7 (25.0) | 18 (34.6) | 20 (34.5) | 25 (39.7) | 0.60 |
| COPD | 31 (15.4) | 4 (14.3) | 11 (21.2) | 12 (20.7) | 4 (6.4) | 0.09 |
| Stroke | 53 (26.4) | 2 (7.1) | 7 (13.5) | 15 (25.9) | 29 (46.0) | <0.01 |
| ADL disability | 95 (47.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.9) | 32 (55.2) | 62 (98.4) | <0.01 |
| IADL disability | 120 (59.7) | 0 (0.0) | 11 (21.2) | 46 (79.3) | 63 (100.0) | <0.01 |
ADL, activities of daily living; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FI, Frailty Index; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living; PSI, Pneumonia Severity Index.