Table 4

Clinical characteristics by auscultation classifications using digitally recorded and panel classified auscultation and conventional auscultation

CharacteristicDigital auscultationConventional auscultation
Proportion with clinical outcome n/N (%)χ2 p value*aOR
(95% CI)		Proportion with clinical outcome n/N (%)χ2 p value*aOR
(95% CI)
TotalN=737N=737
High CRP >40 mg/L, n=1480.030<0.001
 No wheeze, no crackles60/226 (26.6)Ref47/167 (28.1)Ref
 Crackles only28/83 (33.7)1.50 (0.85 to 2.63)74/226 (32.7)1.25 (0.79 to 1.98)
 Any wheeze60/294 (20.4)0.79 (0.51 to 1.23)27/210 (12.9)0.50 (0.27 to 0.92)
Very severe pneumonia, n=244<0.001<0.001
 No wheeze, no crackles120/281 (42.7)Ref97/214 (45.3)Ref
 Crackles only30/90 (33.3)0.75 (0.44 to 1.28)96/270 (35.6)0.88 (0.59 to 1.32)
 Any wheeze94/366 (25.7)0.67 (0.46 to 0.97)51/253 (20.2)0.79 (0.47 to 1.31)
Abnormal chest X-ray†, n=3050.003<0.001
 No wheeze, no crackles111/224 (49.6)Ref85/170 (50.0)Ref
 Crackles only50/76 (65.8)2.09 (1.19 to 3.68)134/224 (59.8)1.53 (0.99 to 2.36)
 Any wheeze144/327 (44.0)1.05 (0.72 to 1.52)86/233 (36.9)0.84 (0.50 to 1.40)
Discharged alive in <2 days, n=2030.4890.864
 No wheeze, no crackles78/280 (27.9)Ref55/214 (25.7)Ref
 Crackles only19/88 (21.6)0.73 (0.40 to 1.32)75/269 (27.9)1.39 (0.90 to 2.16)
 Any wheeze99/362 (27.4)0.96 (0.65 to 1.41)66/247 (26.7)2.01 (1.17 to 3.47)
Died0.001<0.001
 No wheeze, no crackles35/238 (14.7)Ref29/170 (17.1)Ref
 Crackles only12/69 (17.4)2.04 (0.88 to 4.70)30/224 (13.4)0.79 (0.44 to 1.43)
 Any wheeze21/326 (6.4)0.76 (0.40 to 1.43)9/239 (3.8)0.43 (0.17 to 1.06)

  • Bold values denote statistical significance at the p <0.05 level.

  • *Overall unadjusted χ2 p values.

  • †Consolidation with or without other infiltrate