Concordance between digitally recorded and human listener classified lung auscultation and conventional stethoscope classifications, among cases with concurrent digital recording and conventional classification (within 2 hours)
| Comparison | N (%) | Agreement on conventional and digital | Overall agreement | Kappa | PABAK | |
| Digital | Conventional | n | n (%) | Coefficient | Coefficient | |
| Total | 383 | 383 | ||||
| Any abnormal | ||||||
| No crackles nor wheeze | 123 (32.1) | 84 (21.9) | 56 | 288 (75.2) | 0.38 (0.28 to 0.48) | 0.50 (0.41 to 0.59) |
| Any crackles or wheeze | 260 (67.9) | 299 (78.1) | 232 | |||
| Crackles | ||||||
| Crackles-only | 45 (11.8) | 129 (33.7) | 20 | 249 (65.0) | 0.07 (−0.02 to 0.15) | 0.30 (0.21 to 0.39) |
| Not crackles-only | 338 (88.3) | 254 (66.3) | 229 | |||
| Wheeze | ||||||
| Any | 216 (56.3) | 170 (44.3) | 123 | 244 (63.5) | 0.28 (0.19 to 0.37) | 0.27 (0.18 to 0.37) |
| None | 168 (43.8) | 214 (55.7) | 121 | |||