Demographic characteristics
| Parameter | Never-COVID (n=9) | All COVID participants | |||
| Ever-COVID (n=76) | Ever hospitalised (n=23) | Never hospitalised (n=53) | Sig. p value | ||
| Age, years | 36 (12) | 53 (12) | 57 (13) | 52 (12) | <0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 5 (56) | 38 (50) | 5 (22) | 33 (62) | 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26 (5) | 30 (5) | 31 (5) | 29 (6) | 0.07 |
| SpO2, % | 97 (2)* | 97 (2) | 97 (2) | 97 (2) | 0.4 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 87 (20)* | 77 (13) | 82 (14) | 76 (12) | 0.05 |
| Blood pressure, mm Hg | 118/79 (18/12)* | 125/81 (14/10) | 124/81 (15/11) | 124/81 (15/9) | – |
| Weeks since positive COVID-19 test (mean/median: min–max) | N/A | (13.8/12.0: 5.0–53.4) | (15.2/12.0: 5.0–53.4) | (13.2/12.0: 5.0–39.6) | 0.3 |
| Smoking history, pack-years | 0 (0) | 8 (18) | 10 (21) | 8 (16) | 0.3 |
| No prior respiratory illness, n (%) | 9 (100) | 49 (64) | 16 (70) | 33 (62) | 0.5 |
| Prior respiratory illness, n (%) | 0 (0) | 27 (36) | 7 (30) | 20 (38) | 0.5 |
| Asthma, n (%) | 0 (0) | 21 (26) | 5 (22) | 16 (30) | 0.4 |
| COPD, n (%) | 0 (0) | 6 (8) | 2 (9) | 4 (8) | 0.9 |
| Hospital admission days | N/A | 13 (16) | 13 (16) | N/A | – |
Age and the proportion of women is significantly different between groups.
Values are reported as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated.
p=significance value for analysis of variance between never-COVID, ever-hospitalised and never-hospitalised.
*n=6.
BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SpO2, pulse oximetry estimation of arterial blood oxygen saturation made on a fingertip.