Demographic and clinical description of those who have responded to activities reduced/ceased and mMRC (n=828)
| Activities reduced/ceased | P value | ||||
| Yes (n=162) | No (n=666) | ||||
| Age follow-up (mean (SD)) | 73.27 (0.72) | 73.21 (0.67) | 0.330 | ||
| Marital status* | Living separately/living alone/divorced/widowed | 33 (22.3) | 78 (12.6) | 0.003 | |
| Married/partnered | 115 (77.7) | 543 (87.4) | |||
| Education* | Elementary | 63 (42.3) | 193 (30.8) | 0.040 | |
| Upper secondary | 26 (17.5) | 150 (23.9) | |||
| Professional school | 32 (21.5) | 136 (21.7) | |||
| University | 28 (18.8) | 148 (23.6) | |||
| Smoking status | Current smoker | 10 (6.2) | 40 (6.0) | 0.61 | |
| Former smoker | 99 (61.1) | 388 (58.3) | |||
| Never smoked | 49 (30.2) | 232 (34.8) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | Mean (SD) | 28.83 (4.7) | 26.64 (3.4) | <0.001 | |
| WHO categories n (%) | Underweight/healthy weight | 28 (17.6) | 213 (32.9) | <0.001 | |
| Overweight | 73 (45.9) | 342 (52.8) | |||
| Obese | 58 (36.5) | 93 (14.4) | |||
| Duration of breathing problems (years) | Mean (SD) | 6.66 (9.3) | 3.59 (9.8) | 0.020 | |
| Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS) scores† | Anxiety summary score (0–21) | 5.25 (4.5) | 2.98 (3.0) | <0.001 | |
| Anxiety grouped n (%) | Normal (0–7) | 111 (71.6) | 585 (91.0) | <0.001 | |
| Borderline (8–10) | 16 (10.3) | 42 (6.5) | |||
| Abnormal (11–21) | 28 (18.1) | 16 (2.5) | |||
| Depression summary score (0–21) | 4.75 (3.8) | 2.56 (2.7) | <0.001 | ||
| Depression grouped n (%) | Normal (0–7) | 117 (74.5) | 614 (95.2) | <0.001 | |
| Borderline (8–10) | 25 (15.9) | 24 (3.7) | |||
| Abnormal (11–21) | 15 (9.6) | 7 (1.1) | |||
| WHO Performance Status;‡ n (%) | Fully active; no performance restrictions. | 52 (32.7) | 536 (81.5) | <0.001 | |
| Strenuous physical activity restricted; fully ambulatory and able to carry out light work. | 79 (49.7) | 102 (15.5) | |||
| Capable of all self-care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about >50% of waking hours/capable of only limited self-care; confined to bed or chair >50% of waking hours/completely disabled; cannot carry out any self-care; totally confined to bed or chair. | 28 (17.6) | 20 (3.0) | |||
| Exertion; n (%) | Sedentary | 29 (17.9) | 34 (5.0) | <0.001 | |
| Moderate exercise | 104 (64.2) | 411 (61.0) | |||
| Moderate but regular exercise | 25 (15.4) | 190 (28.2) | |||
| Frequent exercise | 4 (2.5) | 39 (5.8) | |||
| Additional therapies/supports | Use walking aids; n (%) | 11 (7.3) | 2 (0.3) | <0.001 | |
| Use oxygen therapy; n (%) | 7 (4.6) | 4 (0.6) | <0.001 | ||
| modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) breathlessness scale; n (%) | 0 | 45 (27.8) | 528 (79.3) | <0.001 | |
| 1 | 33 (20.4) | 74 (11.1) | |||
| 2 | 30 (18.5) | 39 (5.9) | |||
| 3 | 26 (16.1) | 17 (2.6) | |||
| 4 | 28 (17.3) | 8 (1.2) | |||
| Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile (MDP)† | Total§ | 14.88 (22.4) | 1.64 (5.4) | <0.001 | |
| Perception¶ | 8.20 (11.0) | 1.08 (2.9) | <0.001 | ||
| Emotional** | 5.40 (8.0) | 0.83 (3.2) | <0.001 | ||
| A1†† | 2.05 (2.1) | 0.35 (0.8) | <0.001 | ||
| MDP—A1 by group score | 0 | 479 (77.6) | 47 (30.5) | <0.001 | |
| 1 | 88 (14.3) | 25 (16.2) | |||
| 2 | 28 (4.5) | 32 (20.8) | |||
| 3 | 16 (2.6) | 24 (15.6) | |||
| 4–8 | 6 (1.0) | 26 (16.9) | |||
| Dyspnoea-12 (D-12)‡‡ | Total Score | 5.61 (7.0) | 0.61 (2.0) | <0.001 | |
| Total score with imputation (according to Yorke)§§ | 5.63 (6.9) | 0.60 (2.0) | <0.001 | ||
| Physical subdomain score¶¶ | 3.54 (4.1) | 0.46 (1.4) | <0.001 | ||
| Affect subdomain score*** | 2.07 (3.2) | 0.15 (0.7) | <0.001 | ||
*Activities (reduced/ceased) include: physical activities, social contacts, associations, talking on the phone, sexual activities, other;~baseline data (not collected at Wave 2).
†Respondents’ numbers reflect complete data for that measure.
‡grades 2–4 merged into a single category.
§65.6% scored 0 for MDP Total.
¶61.4% scored 0 for MDP Perception.
**76.1% scored 0 for MDP Emotional.
††68.2% scored 0 for MDP-A1.
‡‡71.7%scored 0 for D-12 total score.
§§71.4% scored 0 for D-12 total score with imputation.
¶¶71.6% scored 0 for D-12 Physical.
***86.4% scored 0 for D-12 Affect.