Characteristics for patients, at the point of initial CT when IPF was first diagnosed; all patients divided on presence of radiographic progression on follow on CT
| All patients (n=128) | Patients categorised by FVC decline | P value | OR | ||
| FVC decline <10%/ year (n=62) | FVC decline ≥10%/ year (n=53) | ||||
| Demographics | |||||
| Female (%) | 28 (21.9) | 13 (21.0) | 14 (26.4) | 0.516 | 1.35 |
| Male (%) | 100 (78.1) | 49 (79.0) | 39 (73.6) | 0.74 | |
| Age at first clinic visit (SD) | 75.22 (7.88) | 74.8 (6.9) | 74.4 (8.6) | ||
| Smoking status | |||||
| Ex-smoker | 77 (60.2) | 43 (69.4) | 26 (49.1) | 0.113 | 0.45 |
| Never | 30 (23.4) | 12 (19.4) | 16 (30.2) | ||
| No data | 21 (16.4) | 7 (11.2) | 11 (20.7) | -- | -- |
| GAP index | |||||
| 1 | 66 (57.4) | 39 (67.2) | 26 (54.2) | 0.229 | 0.58 |
| 2 | 39 (33.9) | 15 (25.9) | 19 (39.6) | 0.148 | 1.87 |
| 3 | 10 (8.7) | 4 (6.9) | 3 (6.3) | >0.999 | 0.90 |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| Type II diabetes mellitus | 23 (18) | 12 (19.4) | 8 (15.1) | 0.626 | 0.74 |
| Gastro-oesophageal reflux | 16 (12.5) | 7 (11.3) | 8 (15.1) | 0.588 | 1.40 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 20 (15.6) | 9 (14.5) | 10 (18.9) | 0.618 | 1.37 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 9 (7) | 2 (3.2) | 6 (11.3) | 0.141 | 3.83 |
| COPD | 14 (10.9) | 5 (8.1) | 8 (15.1) | 0.255 | 2.03 |
| Blood leucocytes | |||||
| Monocyte (×109 /L) | 0.70 (0.56–0.84) | 0.67 (0.56–0.80) | 0.70 (0.53–0.81) | 0.925 | |
| Lymphocyte (×109 /L) | 1.76 (1.41–2.40) | 1.81 (1.56–2.50) | 1.65 (1.40–2.32) | 0.206 | |
| Neutrophil (×109 /L) | 5.25 (3.96–6.68) | 5.23 (3.90–6.31) | 5.23 (4.30–7.06) | 0.190 | |
| Leucocyte-derived indexes | |||||
| NLR | 2.77 (1.96–3.85) | 2.46 (1.87–3.55) | 3.17 (2.09–4.21) | 0.049 | |
| MLR | 0.37 (0.31–0.50) | 0.35 (0.30–0.41) | 0.42 (0.30–0.53) | 0.151 | |
| SIRI | 2.00 (1.22–2.83) | 1.71 (1.10–2.49) | 2.18 (1.32–2.99) | 0.089 | |
| Pulmonary function tests | |||||
| %TLCO | 57.7 (47.5–69.0) | 61.9 (50.9–71.0) | 55.5 (47.3–68.4) | 0.233 | |
| %FVC | 81.0 (68.1–98.3) | 85.5 (69.9–98.0) | 79.4 (70.1–101.2) | 0.667 | |
| CPI Score27 | 68.8 (61.3–76.1) | 65.6 (60.9–75.7) | 69.19 (62.1–74.5) | 0.570 | |
| CT pattern | |||||
| Probable UIP | 71 (55.5) | 38 (61.3) | 25 (47.2) | 0.138 | 0.56 |
| Definite UIP | 57 (44.5) | 24 (38.7) | 28 (52.8) | 0.138 | 1.77 |
| Antifibrotic use | 56 (43.7%) | 25 (40.3%) | 31 (58.5%) | 0.063 | 2.08 |
| Corticosteroids use | 11 (8.6%) | 4 (6.6%) | 7 (13.2%) | 0.341 | 2.21 |
| At baseline visit | 1 (0.8%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.8%) | -- | -- |
| During follow-up | 10 (7.8%) | 4 (3.2%) | 6 (11.3%) | 0.510 | 1.85 |
Continuous variables expressed as median values (IQR) with exception of age (mean, SD).
COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CPI, Composite Physiological Index as calculated by Wells et al; FVC, forced vital capacity; GAP, Gender-Age-Physiology Index; IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; MLR, monocyte:lymphocyte ratio; NLR, neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio; SIRI, systemic inflammation response index; TLCO, Transfer factor for carbon monoxide; UIP, usual interstitial pneumonia.