Factors associated with LTBI diagnosis among close contacts from 2009 to 2018, Brunei (n=9387 out of 10 537 (89.1%))
| LTBI (n=982) n (%) | Non-LTBI (n=8405) n (%) | Crude OR | 95% CI | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | ||
| Contact factors | |||||||
| Age group (years) | 0–5 | 33 (3.4) | 247 (2.9) | 0.92 | 0.41 to 2.06 | 0.89 | 0.38 to 2.08 |
| 5–14 | 80 (8.1) | 1081 (12.9) | 0.60 | 0.29 to 1.23 | 0.57 | 0.27 to 1.21 | |
| 15–29 | 305 (31.1) | 2704 (32.2) | 0.82 | 0.42 to 1.62 | 0.82 | 0.40 to 1.68 | |
| 30–44 | 323 (32.9) | 2580 (30.7) | 0.87 | 0.44 to 1.71 | 0.85 | 0.42 to 1.74 | |
| 45–59 | 194 (19.7) | 1399 (16.7) | 0.96 | 0.49 to 1.91 | 0.95 | 0.46 to 1.95 | |
| 60–74 | 36 (3.7) | 323 (3.8) | 0.83 | 0.40 to 1.71 | 0.82 | 0.38 to 1.76 | |
| 75+ | 11 (1.1) | 71 (0.8) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Gender | Male | 582 (59.3) | 4315 (51.3) | 1.19 | 1.06 to 1.34 | 1.18 | 1.03 to 1.34 |
| Female | 400 (40.7) | 4090 (48.7) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Nationality | Local | 776 (79.0) | 7162 (85.2) | 0.71 | 0.57 to 0.89 | 0.70 | 0.56 to 0.88 |
| Foreign | 206 (21.0) | 1243 (14.8) | 1 | 1 | |||
| District of residence | Brunei-Muara | 219 (22.3) | 3978 (47.3) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Belait | 404 (41.1) | 2556 (30.4) | 2.89 | 2.08 to 4.02 | 2.98 | 2.11 to 4.21 | |
| Tutong | 327 (33.3) | 1391 (16.6) | 4.61 | 3.36 to 6.33 | 4.99 | 3.61 to 6.89 | |
| Temburong | 32 (3.3) | 480 (5.7) | 1.25 | 0.69 to 2.25 | 1.28 | 0.73 to 2.24 | |
| Type of contact | Household | 521 (53.0) | 4324 (51.5) | 1.10 | 0.89 to 1.36 | 1.59 | 1.26 to 1.99 |
| Workplace | 366 (37.3) | 3077 (36.6) | 1 | 1 | |||
| School | 64 (6.5) | 809 (9.6) | 0.65 | 0.35 to 1.20 | 0.82 | 0.48 to 1.39 | |
| Others | 31 (3.2) | 195 (2.3) | 0.92 | 0.47 to 1.81 | 1.29 | 0.66 to 2.53 | |
| Index factors | |||||||
| Age group (years) | 0–14 | 16 (1.6) | 95 (1.1) | 2.18 | 1.00 to 4.74 | 2.57 | 1.09 to 6.05 |
| 15–29 | 225 (22.9) | 2118 (25.2) | 1.29 | 0.87 to 1.90 | 2.02 | 1.35 to 3.00 | |
| 30–44 | 303 (30.9) | 2214 (26.3) | 1.67 | 1.13 to 2.47 | 2.32 | 1.55 to 3.46 | |
| 45–59 | 280 (28.5) | 2042 (24.3) | 1.53 | 1.04 to 2.24 | 2.10 | 1.43 to 3.08 | |
| 60–74 | 87 (8.9) | 1123 (13.4) | 0.90 | 0.57 to 1.44 | 1.13 | 0.73 to 1.75 | |
| 75+ | 71 (7.2) | 813 (9.7) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Gender | Male | 714 (72.7) | 5577 (66.4) | 1.27 | 0.99 to 1.63 | 1.20 | 0.94 to 1.53 |
| Female | 268 (27.3) | 2828 (33.6) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Type of PTB | Smear positive | 760 (77.4) | 5618 (66.9) | 1.63 | 1.17 to 2.27 | 1.62 | 1.19 to 2.20 |
| Smear negative | 120 (12.2) | 1625 (19.3) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Other | 102 (10.4) | 1162 (13.8) | 0.94 | 0.61 to 1.46 | 0.82 | 0.53 to 1.26 | |
| Nationality | Local | 800 (81.5) | 7030 (83.6) | 0.92 | 0.69 to 1.23 | ||
| Foreign | 182 (18.5) | 1375 (16.4) | 1 | ||||
| Year of diagnosis | 2009–13 | 521 (53.1) | 3634 (43.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 2014–18 | 461 (46.9) | 4771 (56.8) | 0.65 | 0.52 to 0.82 | 0.81 | 0.65 to 1.02 | |
Bold values indicate statistically significant results
LTBI, latent TB infection; PTB, pulmonary TB.