Table 4

P value comparisons between VD category pairs

Seroconversion		VD category comparison pairs
Seroconversion		1 and 2	1 and 3	1 and 4	2 and 3	2 and 4	3 and 4
1	Age (years)	0.89	0.32	0.22	0.29	0.23	0.68
	Age ≥50 (years)	0.80	0.52	0.14	0.83	0.34	0.40
	Sex	0.18	0.04	0.01	0.66	0.17	0.32
	BMI (kg/m²)	0.99	0.32	0.28	0.33	0.34	0.97
	BMI ≥30 (kg/m²)	0.65	0.66	0.43	0.21	0.14	0.64
	Ethnicity	<0.00001	<0.00001	0.0001	0.34	0.63	0.09
	Comorbidities	0.50	0.85	0.50	0.24	0.11	0.55
0	Age (years)	0.63	0.07	0.006	0.03	0.001	0.08
	Age ≥50 (years)	0.72	0.77	0.52	0.10	0.07	0.65
	Sex	0.53	0.75	0.51	0.68	1	0.63
	BMI (kg/m²)	0.43	0.22	0.80	0.98	0.19	0.07
	BMI ≥30 (kg/m²)	0.56	1	0.21	0.32	0.02	0.11
	Ethnicity	0.003	0.003	0.01	1	1	1
	Comorbidities	0.54	0.28	1	0.01	0.24	0.39
Total	Age (years)	0.83	0.07	0.004	0.02	<0.001	0.11
	Age ≥50 (years)	1	0.31	0.06	0.19	0.04	0.28
	Sex	0.37	0.09	0.07	0.46	0.28	0.73
	BMI (kg/m²)	0.74	0.88	0.25	0.49	0.11	0.20
	BMI ≥30 (kg/m²)	0.38	0.86	0.12	0.19	0.01	0.08
	Ethnicity	<0.00001	<0.00001	<0.00001	0.62	0.58	0.27
	Comorbidities	0.37	0.22	0.37	0.007	0.048	0.77

Comparisons were made within COVID-19 positive (1), COVID-19 negative (0) and the entire cohort. Comparisons of age and BMI were made with Mann-Whitney U test, and binary variables for age, sex, BMI, ethnicity and comorbidities used Fisher’s exact test. Significant values (p<0.05) are highlighted.
BAME, black, Asian and minority ethnic; BMI, body mass index; VD, vitamin D.