Demographics and clinical characteristics of the study cohort
| Suspected CAP cohort (n=111) | With probable Aspergillus infection (n=26; 23.4%) | Without probable Aspergillus infection (n=85; 76.6%) | P value | |
| Baseline factors | ||||
| Age, year, median (IQR) | 60 (53–73) | 64 (53–74) | 59 (50–72) | 0.58 |
| Sex, Male, n (%) | 74 (66.7) | 14 (53.8) | 60 (70.6) | 0.113 |
| Pregnancy/recent delivery, n (%) | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 1 (1.2) | 1.000 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 33 (29.7) | 5 (19.2) | 28 (32.6) | 0.181 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 7 (6.3) | 1 (3.8) | 6 (7.1) | 0.898 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 31 (27.9) | 6 (23.1) | 25 (29.4) | 0.619 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 25 (22.5) | 5 (19.2) | 20 (23.5) | 0.529 |
| Chronic liver failure, n (%) | 2 (1.8) | 0 | 2 (2.4) | 1.000 |
| Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 11 (9.9) | 3 (11.5) | 8 (9.4) | 1.000 |
| Chronic kidney failure, n (%) | 4 (3.6) | 1 (3.8) | 3 (3.5) | 1.000 |
| Known risk factors for aspergillosis | ||||
| COPD, n (%) | 22 (19.8) | 3 (11.5) | 19 (22.3) | 0.353 |
| Haematologic malignancy, n (%) | 3 (2.7) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (2.3) | 1.000 |
| Autoimmune disease, n (%) | 19 (17.1) | 7 (26.9) | 12 (14.1) | 0.129 |
| AIDS, n (%) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (3.8) | 0 | 0.234 |
| Active solid tumour, n (%) | 15 (13.5) | 6 (23.1) | 9 (10.6) | 0.103 |
| Solid-organ transplant, n (%) | 2 (1.8) | 1 (3.8) | 1 (1.1) | 0.958 |
| Neutropenia, n (%) | 2 (1.8) | 2 (7.7) | 0 | 0.053 |
| Corticosteroids 28 days, n (%) | 15 (13.5) | 10 (38.5) | 5 (5.9) | 0.000 |
| Other immunosuppressive therapy, n (%) | 16 (14.4) | 6 (23.1) | 10 (11.8) | 0.151 |
| Immunocompromised*, n (%) | 36 (32.4) | 14 (53.8) | 22 (25.9) | 0.008 |
| Severity scoring | ||||
| Median SOFA Score at day 1 (IQR) | 3 (1–5) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (1–4) | 0.212 |
| Median CURB-65 Score at day 1 (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 0.308 |
Data are given as n (%) or median (IQR), unless otherwise specified. When no denominator is specified, the denominator is the number of participants in the corresponding cell in the first row.
P values were calculated by Fisher’s exact probability t-test for categorical variables or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables.
*Immunocompromised: patients meeting the 2019 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer host factors.
CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CURB-65, confusion, urea, respiratory rate, blood pressure, age 65; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment.