On prophylactic antibiotic treatment (n=47) | Comparator group (n=37) | P value | ||
Prophylactic antibiotics* | ||||
Macrolides | Azithromycin | 29 (62%) | ||
Clarithromycin | 2 (4%) | |||
Quinolones | Ciprofloxacin | 2 (4%) | ||
Tetracyclines | Doxycycline | 4 (9%) | ||
β-Lactams | 3 (6%) | |||
Sulfonamides | Co-trimoxazole | 7 (15%) | ||
Age† (years) | 67 (12) | 62 (19) | 0.39‡ | |
Sex* | Males | 22 (47%) | 18 (49%) | 0.87§ |
BMI (kg/m2)† | 27.79 (4.40) | 27.48 (9.14) | 0.30‡ | |
Chronic lung disease* | ||||
Bronchiectasis | 37 (79%) | 24 (65%) | 0.16§ | |
COPD | 10 (21%) | 13 (35%) | ||
CVID* | 31 (66%) | 7 (19%) | <0.001§ | |
Smoking* | Smokers | 1 (2%) | 5 (14%) | 0.14¶ |
Ex-smokers | 11 (23%) | 9 (24%) | ||
Never-smokers | 35 (74%) | 23 (62%) | ||
Passive smoking* | 10 (63%) | 12 (60%) | 0.88§ | |
Number of exacerbation events/year** | 2 (2–3) | 3 (2–5) | 0.18‡ | |
Frequency of rescue pack consumption/year** | 2 (2–3) | 2.5 (2–4) | 0.20‡ | |
Rescue pack* | 42 (89%) | 24 (65%) | 0.007§ | |
Rescue pack antibiotics* | ||||
β-Lactams | Co-amoxiclav | 23 (49%) | 8 (22%) | |
Amoxicillin | 3 (6%) | 7 (19%) | ||
FQ | Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin | 7 (15%) | 2 (5%) | |
Tetracyclines | Doxycycline | 6 (13%) | 7 (19%) | |
Macrolides | Azithromycin, clarithromycin | 3 (6%) | 2 (5%) | |
Rescue pack corticosteroids* | 9 (19%) | 5 (14%) | 0.025§ | |
Prescribed CIP course for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection* | 11 (23%) | 7 (19%) | 0.62§ | |
Oral corticosteroids (<10 mg/day)* | 10 (21%) | 5 (14%) | 0.36§ | |
Carbocisteine* | 10 (21%) | 7 (19%) | 0.79§ | |
Oxygen therapy* | 4 (9%) | 3 (8%) | 1.00¶ | |
Inhaled respiratory medication* | ||||
SABA | 16 (34%) | 16 (43%) | 0.39§ | |
LABA | 19 (40%) | 16 (43%) | 0.80§ | |
LAMA | 9 (19%) | 13 (35%) | 0.10§ | |
ICS* | 21 (45%) | 17 (46%) | 0.91§ | |
FEV1 (L)** | 1.96 (1.06–2.91) | 1.52 (0.94–2.72) | 0.37‡ | |
FEV1 % predicted** | 80.5% (43.8%–109%) | 75% (46%–92%) | 0.56‡ | |
FVC (L)** | 2.99 (2.31–3.59) | 2.29 (1.72–3.72) | 0.22‡ | |
FVC % predicted** | 105.9% (70.8%–122%) | 91% (73%–122%) | 0.45‡ | |
FEV1/FVC** | 0.73 (0.50–0.80) | 0.67 (0.51–0.74) | 0.58‡ |
*N (%).
†Mean (SD).
‡P value by Mann-Whitney U test.
§P value by χ2 test.
¶P value by Fisher’s exact test.
**Median (IQR).
BMI, body mass index; CIP, Ciprofloxacin; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVID, common variable immunodeficiency; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FQ, fluoroquinolones; FVC, forced vital capacity; ICS, Inhaled CorticoSteroids; LABA, Long-Acting Beta-2 Agonists ; LAMA, Long-Acting Muscarinic receptor Antagonists; SABA, Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonists .