Characteristics | COT n=30 | HFOT n=30 | NIV n=30 | P value | |
Age (years) mean±SD | 59.93±8.7 | 62.50±7.4 | 62.70±6.4 | 0.29 | |
Sex n (%) | Male | 26 (86.7) | 24 (80.1) | 26 (86.7) | 0.71 |
Female | 4 (13.2) | 6 (20.1) | 4 (13.2) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) mean±SD | 20.26±2.7 | 20.49±2.6 | 21.69±3.7 | 0.15 | |
Comorbidities n (%) | Diabetes mellitus | 0 (0) | 2 (6.6) | 1 (3.3) | 0.36 |
Systemic HTN | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (9.9) | 0.16 | |
CAD | 2 (6.6) | 2 (6.6) | 2 (6.6) | 1.0 | |
Smoking history n (%) | Current smoker | 19 (63.3) | 20 (66.6) | 18 (60) | 0.72 |
Former smoker | 8 (26.4) | 7 (23.31) | 9 (30) | 0.79 | |
Never smoker | 3 (9.9) | 3 (9.9) | 3 (9.9) | 1.0 | |
Smoking index (number of bidi/cigarettes smoked per day multiplied by number of years smoked) | 1339.44±597.1 | 1199.63±489.3 | 1305.56±602.1 | 0.64 | |
PFTs | FEV1/FVC post BDR | 59.38±9.9 | 59.10±7.2 | 58.26±7.9 | 0.87 |
FEV1 observed (L) | 1.48±0.5 | 1.59±0.5 | 1.48±0.5 | 0.62 | |
FEV1% predicted | 52.10±14.5 | 54.73±10.9 | 53.27±14.2 | 0.74 | |
Baseline SpO2 | 97.56±2.0 | 97.28±1.9 | 98±1.6) | 0.84 | |
Clinical presentation n (%) | Haemoptysis | 5 (16.5) | 6 (19.8) | 11 (36.6) | 0.15 |
Unexplained chronic cough | 5 (16.5) | 5 (16.5) | 4 (13.2) | 0.91 | |
Non-resolving pneumonia | 7 (23.1) | 2 (6.6) | 3 (9.9) | 0.13 | |
Suspected lung cancer | 13 (43.2) | 17 (56.7) | 12 (39.9) | 0.39 | |
Type of procedure n (%) | EBB | 16 (53.4) | 10 (33.3) | 18 (60) | 0.015 |
Non-EBUS TBNA | 7 (23.1) | 16 (53.4) | 4 (13.2) | ||
BAL | 7 (23.1) | 4 (13.2) | 8 (26.7) |
BAL, broncho-alveolar-lavage;BDR, bronchodilator response; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; COT, conventional oxygen therapy; EBB, endobronchial biopsy; EBUS, endobronchial ultrasound; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; HFOT, high flow oxygen therapy; HTN, hypertension; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; PFTs, pulmonary function tests; SpO2, oxygen saturation measured by plethysmography; TBNA, transbronchial needle aspiration.