Table 1

Baseline anthropometric, clinical and procedural characteristics

CharacteristicsCOT n=30HFOT n=30NIV n=30P value
Age (years) mean±SD59.93±8.762.50±7.462.70±6.40.29
Sex n (%)Male26 (86.7)24 (80.1)26 (86.7)0.71
Female4 (13.2)6 (20.1)4 (13.2)
BMI (kg/m2) mean±SD20.26±2.720.49±2.621.69±3.70.15
Comorbidities n (%)Diabetes mellitus0 (0)2 (6.6)1 (3.3)0.36
Systemic HTN1 (3.3)0 (0)3 (9.9)0.16
CAD2 (6.6)2 (6.6)2 (6.6)1.0
Smoking history n (%)Current smoker19 (63.3)20 (66.6)18 (60)0.72
Former smoker8 (26.4)7 (23.31)9 (30)0.79
Never smoker3 (9.9)3 (9.9)3 (9.9)1.0
Smoking index (number of bidi/cigarettes smoked per day multiplied by number of years smoked)1339.44±597.11199.63±489.31305.56±602.10.64
PFTsFEV1/FVC post BDR59.38±9.959.10±7.258.26±7.90.87
FEV1 observed (L)1.48±0.51.59±0.51.48±0.50.62
FEV1% predicted52.10±14.554.73±10.953.27±14.20.74
Baseline SpO297.56±2.097.28±1.998±1.6)0.84
Clinical presentation n (%)Haemoptysis5 (16.5)6 (19.8)11 (36.6)0.15
Unexplained chronic cough5 (16.5)5 (16.5)4 (13.2)0.91
Non-resolving pneumonia7 (23.1)2 (6.6)3 (9.9)0.13
Suspected lung cancer13 (43.2)17 (56.7)12 (39.9)0.39
Type of procedure n (%)EBB16 (53.4)10 (33.3)18 (60)0.015
Non-EBUS TBNA7 (23.1)16 (53.4)4 (13.2)
BAL7 (23.1)4 (13.2)8 (26.7)
  • BAL, broncho-alveolar-lavage;BDR, bronchodilator response; BMI, body mass index; CAD, coronary artery disease; COT, conventional oxygen therapy; EBB, endobronchial biopsy; EBUS, endobronchial ultrasound; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; HFOT, high flow oxygen therapy; HTN, hypertension; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; PFTs, pulmonary function tests; SpO2, oxygen saturation measured by plethysmography; TBNA, transbronchial needle aspiration.