Author | Year | Country | Study design | Sample size | Age | Adherence assessment method | Threshold | Proportion of adherent patients |
Chen et al36 | 2020 | China | Retrospective Observational cohort | 11 708 | No age minimum, no mean/median/range presented | PDC | ≥0.80 (sensitivity analysis for cut-off at 0.50) | 10.8% in total; 36.3% in LABA and/or LAMA group, 26.4% in LABA/ICS group and 1.8% in oral mucolytic therapy group |
Davis et al33 | 2017 | USA | Retrospective Observational cohort | 13 657 | ≥40 years, mean age of 67 years | PDC | Adherent: PDC≥0.80, mildly non-adherent: 0.50≤PDC<0.80, moderately non-adherent: 0.30≤PDC<0.50 and highly non-adherent: PDC<0.30 | 13.9% in LABA/ICS group |
Fan et al30 | 2003 | USA | Prospective Observational cohort | 8033 | ≥45 years | % of days supplied during fixed time period of 90 days | >0.80 | 33% in ICS group |
Humenberger et al31 | 2018 | Austria | Retrospective Observational cohort | 357 | >40 years, mean age of 66.5 years (SD 10.6) | MPR | Complete adherence: >0.80, partial adherence: 0.50–0.80 and low adherence: <0.50 | 33.6% in total (LAMA, LABA, LABA/ICS, LABA/LAMA and LABA/LAMA/ICS users together) |
Ismaila et al8 | 2014 | Canada | Retrospective Observational cohort | 23 707 | ≥40 years, mean age of 73.2 years (SD 10.3) | MPR | ≥0.80 | 61.1% in LAMA monotherapy group, 62.9% to LAMA in LABA/LAMA/ICS group and 35.4% to LABA/ICS in LABA/LAMA/ICS group |
Mueller et al35 | 2017 | Germany | Retrospective Observational cohort | 45 937 | ≥40 years, mean age of 71.4 years (SD 11.4) | MPR | ≥0.80 | 30.0% in total; 38.0% in LABA group, 53.2% in LAMA group, 20.4% in ICS group and 26.8% in LABA/ICS group |
Punekar et al32 | 2015 | UK | Retrospective Observational cohort | 17 529 | ≥40 years | MPR | ≥0.80 | 34% in LABA group; 42% in LAMA group and 34% in LABA/ICS group |
Wurst et al34 | 2014 | USA | Retrospective Observational cohort | 3268 | ≥40 to 65 years, mean age of 55.8 years (SD 5.4) | MPR and PDC | ≥0.80 | 29.4% in LABA group and 37.1% in LAMA group |
ICS, inhaled corticosteroids; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; MPR, medication possession ratio; PDC, proportion of days covered.