Table 2

Patient characteristics on the day of initiation of mechanical ventilation

Limited ΔP*
(n=27)
LTVV†
(n=23)
No protection
(n=42)
ICU baseline
 Age, years‡70.0 (61.0–76.5)70.0 (65.5–80.0)66.5 (57.0–72.0)
 SOFA at ICU admission‡5.0 (3.0–7.0)5.0 (3.5–10.0)5.0 (2.0–9.0)
 Female sex9 (33.3%)14 (60.1%)13 (31.0%)
 Non-white15 (55.6%)14 (60.9%)26 (61.9%)
 Body mass index29.6 (25.1–33.8)23.3 (21.2–27.9)29.0 (24.9–34.7)
 Use of HFNC at ICU admission9 (33.3%)3 (13.0%)15 (35.7%)
Initiation of mechanical ventilation
 Days from ICU admission to MV initiation‡3.0 (1.5–8.0)0.0 (0.0–2.0)2.5 (0.0–11.5)
 PaO2/FiO2 at intubation77.0 (64.0–100.6)96.0 (72.5–128.5)78.9 (55.7–124.0)
 Tidal volume/ideal body weight at intubation6.4 (5.9–7.0)6.8 (6.6–8.0)6.5 (6.1–7.9)
  • *Low Pplat (≤30 cm H2O) + low ΔP (≤15 cm H2O) on ≥75% of MV days.

  • †LTVV: low Pplat (≤30 cm H2O) on ≥75% of MV days.

  • ‡Used in the inverse probability weighted (IPW) marginal structural model.

  • HFNC, high-flow nasal cannula; ICU, intensive care unit; LTVV, low tidal volume ventilation; MV, mechanical ventilation; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment .