Objective: The technique of embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) with the Amplatzer vascular plug (AVP) has been reported, but no large series has evaluated the effectiveness of this relatively new embolic device. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of AVPs in the treatment of PAVMs.
Materials and methods: Sixty-nine consecutive patients underwent embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations between September 2006 and December 2008. Clinical, procedural, and physiological data were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: Of 161 PAVMs, 120 (75%) were successfully embolized with Amplatzer vascular plugs alone. Complete and rapid occlusion of feeding vessels was easily achieved at the site of arteriovenous communication without complication. Particularly small or tortuous feeding arteries supplying 27 complex and 14 simple PAVMs were occluded with coils. There have been no documented instances of recanalization on follow-up.
Conclusion: Amplatzer vascular plugs allow the rapid and safe distal occlusion of the majority of PAVMs.