Within the spectrum of fibrosing interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) is a subset of patients who
have inexorable progression of pulmonary fibrosis despite treatment, which is known as the …

Background: A diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) may include surgical lung biopsy
(SLB), which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and also appreciable …

Background In hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia,
progression to acute respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) is …

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), also known as extrinsic allergic alveolitis, is a complex
pulmonary syndrome mediated by the immune system and caused by inhalation of a wide …

Background In fibrotic interstitial lung diseases, exertional breathlessness is strongly linked
to health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Breathlessness is often associated with oxygen …

Objectives. A higher incidence of cancer in scleroderma patients compared with the general
population has been suggested by several observational studies, reporting, however, …

BACKGROUND An increased cancer risk in patients with sarcoidosis has been suggested,
although results are conflicting in a number of case-control and cohort studies. We conducted …

Trastuzumab prolongs survival in women with HER2-positive breast cancer, but may increase
the risk of heart disease. The occurrence of severe cardiotoxicity, however, is not defined …

Pleural infection is a common condition encountered by respiratory physicians and thoracic
surgeons alike. The European Respiratory Society (ERS) and European Society of Thoracic …

Background Rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) of cytologic specimens is a useful
ancillary technique in needle aspiration procedures of pulmonary/mediastinal lesions. ROSE …